With switches, there are zero collisions because only the two devices that are communicating will be sending data back and forth. This happens on hubs a lot because all the traffic coming in on each port is repeated out to all the other ports. Collisions means when two computers or devices send data at the same time and the signals physically collide before reaching the destination. With hubs, the more devices you connect to the hub, the more collisions there will be on the network. This significantly reduces the amount of traffic on the network because there is direct communication between the two devices rather than a one-to-all type of communication. Instead of blindly forwarding all the frames it receives on one port to all the other ports on the device, a switch will create a MAC address source table and then forward the frame to the port with the correct destination MAC address. The part of the frame that contains the source/destination IP addresses is called a packet. Don’t worry about the technical details, just know that it contains source and destination MAC addresses and source and destination IP addresses inside the frame. The Data Link layer of the OSI model deals with MAC addresses and switches look at MAC addresses when they process an incoming frame on a port.Ī frame is a data type that is used to carry data on all networking devices. Hubs are considered Layer 1 (Physical) devices whereas switches are put into Layer 2 (Data Link). You connect devices to a hub using Ethernet cable and any signal sent from a device to the hub is simply repeated out on all other ports connected to the hub. It looks just like a switch, but works differently on the inside. Switches vs HubsĪ hub is an obsolete device that you would never want to buy these days. Finally, we’ll talk about modems and other networking terms like access points and gateways. Next, we’ll talk about routers and why they are different than switches and hubs. First, I’ll talk about the difference between switches and hubs, as both of those devices are in the same category. In this article, I’ll try to explain the concept behind each of these terms without getting too technical.
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